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Introducing Python Tkinter
This lesson provides an introduction to Tkinter, the standard GUI toolkit for Python. It explains the basics of creating a graphical user interface with Tkinter and demonstrates how to write and run simple examples using the module. The lesson covers important features and uses of Tkinter, and provides step-by-step instructions for creating a basic Tkinter application. Examples are provided to illustrate how to create widgets, organize them within a window, and add functionality to the GUI. By the end of this lesson, learners should have a foundational understanding of how to use Tkinter to create simple GUI applications.
What is the Tkinter ?
Tkinter is a Python module used for creating graphical user interfaces (GUIs). It provides a set of tools and widgets for building desktop applications that can run on Windows, macOS, and Linux. Tkinter is included with most Python installations, so it’s readily available and easy to use.
Tkinter is built on top of the Tk GUI toolkit, which was developed by John Ousterhout in the late 1980s. It provides a collection of graphical components or widgets such as buttons, text boxes, labels, menus, and frames that can be arranged in a layout to create a user interface.
Tkinter has many advantages, such as its ease of use, platform independence, and the fact that it is open source. It also has a large user community, which means that there are many tutorials, books, and online resources available to help you learn how to use it.
Overall, Tkinter is a great tool for creating simple and effective GUIs for Python applications. It is a good choice for beginners who want to learn GUI programming, as well as experienced developers who want to create robust applications with a user-friendly interface.
Importance and usess of python tkinter
Tkinter is an important module in Python because it allows developers to create graphical user interfaces (GUIs) for their Python applications. Here are some of the key uses and advantages of Tkinter:
User-friendly interface: Tkinter provides a range of widgets that can be used to create user-friendly interfaces for desktop applications.
Cross-platform compatibility: Tkinter is built on top of the Tcl/Tk GUI toolkit, which means that it can run on all major operating systems, including Windows, macOS, and Linux.
Easy to learn: Tkinter is relatively easy to learn compared to other GUI toolkits, making it a popular choice for beginners.
Customizable widgets: Tkinter provides a range of widgets that can be customized to fit the design of your application. This allows developers to create interfaces that are unique and visually appealing.
Event-driven programming: Tkinter is based on an event-driven programming model, which means that it can respond to user actions such as mouse clicks, button presses, and key presses.
Integration with other Python modules: Tkinter can be easily integrated with other Python modules, making it a versatile tool for building complex applications.
Overall, Tkinter is a powerful tool for creating GUIs in Python. Its ease of use, cross-platform compatibility, and customizable widgets make it a popular choice for developers who want to build desktop applications with a user-friendly interface.
How to write and run Tkinter code
Install Python: If you haven’t already, you need to download and install Python on your computer. You can download Python from the official website at https://www.python.org/downloads/.
Install Tkinter: Tkinter is included with Python, so you don’t need to install it separately.
Write the code: Open a text editor or an integrated development environment (IDE) and write your Tkinter code.
Save the file: Save your code in a file with a
.pyextension.Run the code: Open a terminal or command prompt, navigate to the directory where your
.pyfile is located, and run the script by typingpython filename.pyand pressing enter. This will execute your code and open the GUI window.
For example, if you saved the previous example as hello_world.py, you would run it by opening a terminal, navigating to the directory where the file is located, and typing python hello_world.py in the command line.
Once you run the script, the GUI window will appear with the “Hello, world!” label. You can interact with the GUI window by clicking on the widgets and entering input as needed.
Steps to write and run thinter simple example
Here are the steps to write and run a simple Tkinter example:
Open a text editor: Open a text editor such as Notepad, Sublime Text, or PyCharm.
Import Tkinter: Import the Tkinter module using the following line of code:
import tkinter as tkCreate a window: Use the
Tk()method to create a window object. For example:window = tk.Tk()Add widgets: Add widgets to the window such as labels, buttons, textboxes, etc. using various methods such as
Label(),Button(), andEntry().Organize widgets: Use layout managers such as
pack(),grid(), orplace()to organize the widgets within the window.Add functionality: Bind functions to widgets using the
commandparameter of theButton()method, or thebind()method.Run the window: Use the
mainloop()method to run the window and start the event loop. This method will keep the window open until it is closed by the user.Save the file: Save your code in a file with a
.pyextension.Run the code: Open a terminal or command prompt, navigate to the directory where your
.pyfile is located, and run the script by typingpython filename.pyand pressing enter.
For example, let’s say you want to create a simple window with a label that says “Hello, world!” and a button that closes the window when clicked. Here’s the code to accomplish that:
Code:
import tkinter as tk
def close_window():
window.destroy()
window = tk.Tk()
label = tk.Label(window, text="Hello, world!")
label.pack()
button = tk.Button(window, text="Close", command=close_window)
button.pack()
window.mainloop()
Save this code in a file with a .py extension, navigate to the directory where the file is located in the terminal, and run the script by typing python filename.py. This will open a window with the label and button. When the button is clicked, the window will close.
The result :
How to use Python Tkinter with example ?
To use Tkinter in your Python application, you first need to import the Tkinter module. Here’s an example:
import tkinter as tk
This will import the Tkinter module and give it an alias tk for easier use.
Next, you’ll need to create an instance of the Tk class, which is the main window or container for your GUI. Here’s an example:
root = tk.Tk()
This will create a new instance of the Tk class and assign it to the variable root.
Once you have the Tk instance, you can start adding widgets to it. Here’s an example of adding a label widget:
label = tk.Label(root, text="Hello, World!") label.pack()
This will create a new label widget with the text “Hello, World!” and add it to the main window using the pack() method.
You can also add other types of widgets, such as buttons, text boxes, and frames, to your GUI using similar methods.
Finally, you’ll need to start the main event loop using the mainloop() method. This will keep your GUI running and responding to user events until the user closes the window. Here’s an example:
root.mainloop()
This will start the main event loop and keep your GUI running until the user closes the window.
Overall, using Tkinter involves creating a main window, adding widgets to it, and starting the main event loop to keep your GUI running. There are many other features and options available in Tkinter, so it’s worth exploring the documentation and examples to learn more.
Simple app with Python tkinter
Here’s an example of a simple Python application using Tkinter. This app will display a window with a button that updates a label when clicked:
import tkinter as tk
class App:
def __init__(self):
self.root = tk.Tk()
self.root.geometry("200x100")
self.label = tk.Label(self.root, text="Click the button!")
self.label.pack(pady=10)
self.button = tk.Button(self.root, text="Click me!", command=self.update_label)
self.button.pack()
self.root.mainloop()
def update_label(self):
self.label.config(text="Button clicked!")
app = App()
This code creates a class called App that initializes a main window with a label and a button. When the button is clicked, the update_label method is called, which updates the text of the label.
To run this app, simply save it as a .py file and run it using a Python interpreter. When you click the button, the label text should update to “Button clicked!”.
The result :
This is a very basic example, but Tkinter allows for much more complex GUIs and functionality.
Quiz
1-What is Tkinter?
a. A database management system
b. A programming language
c. A graphical user interface toolkit for Python (correct answer)
d. A web framework
2-What is the primary function of Tkinter?
a. To create and manage databases
b. To create graphical user interfaces for Python applications (correct answer)
c. To run Python code on a web server
d. To automate software testing
3-What method starts the event loop in a Tkinter application?
a. start()
b. loop()
c. run()
d. mainloop() (correct answer)
4-What is the purpose of the mainloop() method in Tkinter?
a. To start the application window
b. To keep the application window open until it is closed by the user (correct answer)
c. To organize the widgets within the window
d. To bind functions to widgets
References of this lesson
Here are some references used in the creation of this lesson:
The official Python documentation on Tkinter:
Python GUI Programming with Tkinter Tutorial:
Tkinter tutorial from Pythonspot:
Python GUI Programming Recipes using PyQt5 and PySide2:
Python and Tkinter Programming by John E. Grayson (ISBN 9781884777811)
Learning Python: Powerful Object-Oriented Programming by Mark Lutz (ISBN 9781449355739)
CoursesE
Curriculum
- 1 Section
- 29 Lessons
- 10 Weeks
- Python Tkinter29
- 1.1Introduction to Python Tkinter
- 1.2Python Tkinter Button
- 1.3Python Tkinter Label Widget
- 1.4Python Tkinter Menubutton Widget
- 1.5The methods related to Tkinter Menubutton widget
- 1.6Python Tkinter Checkbutton
- 1.7The Methods Of Python Tkinter Checkbutton widget
- 1.8Python Tkinter Listbox Widget
- 1.9Python Tkinter Entry Widget
- 1.10Methods of Python Tkinter entry Widget
- 1.11Python Tkinter Frame Widget
- 1.12Options of Python Tkinter Frame Widget
- 1.13Python Tkinter LabelFrame Widget
- 1.14Python Tkinter Radiobutton Widget
- 1.15Methods of Python Tkinter Radiobutton widget
- 1.16Python Tkinter Menu Widget
- 1.17Methods of Python Tkinter Menu widget
- 1.18Python Tkinter Scale widget
- 1.19Uses of Python Tkinter Scale widget
- 1.20Python Tkinter Toplevel Widget
- 1.21Uses of Python Tkinter Toplevel widget
- 1.22Python Tkinter PanedWindow widget
- 1.23Python Tkinter PanedWindow widget part2
- 1.24Python tkinter geometry Pack geometry manager
- 1.25Python tkinter geometry Pack geometry manager part 2
- 1.26Python tkinter place geometry manager
- 1.27Understanding Tkinter Events in Python: A Comprehensive Guide
- 1.28Python Tkinter Grid geometry manager
- 1.29Python tkinter Canvas widgets
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