Quiz about: Transition Elements: Properties, Electron Configurations, and oxidation states

Quiz about: Transition Elements: Properties, Electron Configurations

Welcome to the comprehensive lesson on Transition Elements. As integral components of the d-block on the periodic table, transition elements play a crucial role in the world of chemistry. In this lesson, we will unravel the mysteries surrounding these elements, exploring their electron configurations, variable oxidation states, and diverse applications. From the Main transition elements to the Inner transition elements, we will journey through the periodic table, examining the unique characteristics that define these elements. Let’s delve into the world of transition elements and uncover their significance in the realm of chemistry.

Quiz: Transition Elements

1-What are the four blocks in the periodic table?

a) A-block, B-block, C-block, D-block
b) S-block, D-block, P-block, F-block
c) 1-block, 2-block, 3-block, 4-block
d) Main block, Transition block, Inner block, Outer block

2-How are transition elements defined?

a) Elements with completely filled (s) sublevels
b) Elements with completely filled (d) or (f) sublevels
c) Elements with completely filled (p) sublevels
d) Elements with completely filled (s), (p), and (d) sublevels

3-What are the two main types of transition elements?

a) Outer transition elements, Inner transition elements
b) Main transition elements, Sub-transition elements
c) First transition elements, Second transition elements
d) Left transition elements, Right transition elements

4-How many groups are there in the Main transition elements?

a) 6 groups
b) 8 groups
c) 10 groups
d) 12 groups

5-What distinguishes Group 8 (VIII) from other groups (B)?

a) Elements in Group 8 are similar vertically.
b) Elements in Group 8 are similar horizontally.
c) Elements in Group 8 have a different number of electrons.
d) Elements in Group 8 have completely filled (d) sublevels.

6-Where do Main transition elements occupy on the periodic table?

a) Top block
b) Bottom block
c) Left block
d) Middle block

7-How many series of Main transition elements are there?

a) 2
b) 3
c) 4
d) 5

8-Which series is located in the 4th period and starts with scandium and ends with zinc?

a) First transition series
b) Second transition series
c) Third transition series
d) Fourth transition series

9-In which series is the 5d sublevel filled successively?

a) First transition series
b) Second transition series
c) Third transition series
d) Fourth transition series

10-Which period and series contain elements with the electron configuration [54Xe] 6s², 5d¹?

a) 4th period, First transition series
b) 5th period, Second transition series
c) 6th period, Third transition series
d) 7th period, Fourth transition series

11-What is the most abundant element in the Earth’s crust according to the provided information?

a) Silicon
b) Oxygen
c) Aluminium
d) Iron

12-Which group follows Group 8 (VIII) in the Main transition elements?

a) 1B (11)
b) 2B (12)
c) 3B (13)
d) 4B (14)

13-How many elements are there in the First transition series, and what is the last element in this series?

a) 8 elements, Iron (26Fe)
b) 10 elements, Zinc (30Zn)
c) 12 elements, Copper (29Cu)
d) 14 elements, Nickel (28Ni)

14-In which period is the Fourth transition series located?

a) 4th period
b) 5th period
c) 6th period
d) 7th period

15-What is the electron configuration of Cadmium (48Cd)?

a) 36Kr, 5S², 4d¹₀
b) 36Kr, 5S², 4d¹
c) 36Kr, 4S², 3d¹₀
d) 36Kr, 4S², 3d¹

16-Which series includes elements starting with yttrium (39Y) and ending with mercury (80Hg)?

a) First transition series
b) Second transition series
c) Third transition series
d) Fourth transition series

17-What are the two main types of transition elements mentioned in the lesson?

a) Noble and Ignoble transition elements
b) main and Inner transition elements
c) Primary and Secondary transition elements
d) Early and Late transition elements

18-What distinguishes Group 8 (VIII) from other groups (B)?

a) Elements in Group 8 are similar vertically.
b) Elements in Group 8 are similar horizontally.
c) Elements in Group 8 have a different number of electrons.
d) Elements in Group 8 have completely filled (p) sublevels.

19-What is the significance of the term “transition metals”?

a) They are metals that undergo a phase transition.
b) They are metals that transition from solid to liquid state.
c) They are metals that exhibit variable oxidation states.
d) They are metals that transition from one group to another in the periodic table.

20-Which block of the periodic table do Main transition elements occupy?

a) S-block
b) P-block
c) D-block
d) F-block

21-What is the electron configuration of Lanthanum (57La)?

a) [54Xe] 6s², 5d¹⁰
b) [54Xe] 6s², 5d¹
c) [54Xe] 6s¹, 5d¹
d) [54Xe] 6s², 4d¹₀

22-How many elements are in the Second transition series?

a) 8 elements
b) 10 elements
c) 12 elements
d) 14 elements

23-Which series is located in the 6th period and starts with Lanthanum and ends with Mercury?

a) First transition series
b) Second transition series
c) Third transition series
d) Fourth transition series

24-What are the two most abundant elements in Earth’s crust according to the provided information?

a) Oxygen and Silicon
b) Aluminium and Iron
c) Silicon and Aluminium
d) Iron and Calcium

25-How many elements are there in the Fourth transition series?

a) 8 elements
b) 10 elements
c) 12 elements
d) 14 elements

26-Which group follows Group 7B in the Main transition elements?

a) IB (11)
b) IIB (12)
c) IIIA (13)
d) IIIB (14)

27-What is the last element in the Third transition series?

a) Mercury (80Hg)
b) Lanthanum (57La)
c) Cadmium (48Cd)
d) Scandium (21Sc)

28-In which block of the periodic table are Inner transition elements found?

a) S-block
b) P-block
c) D-block
d) F-block

29-What is the significance of Group 8 (VIII) in the Main transition elements?

a) It has the most elements.
b) Its elements are similar horizontally.
c) Its elements are similar vertically.
d) It contains only one element.

30-What is the main characteristic of Transition elements?

a) Completely filled (s) sublevels
b) Completely filled (p) sublevels
c) Partially filled (d) or (f) sublevels
d) Partially filled (s) sublevels

31-What is the electron configuration of Zinc (30Zn)?

a) 18Ar, 4S², 3d¹
b) 18Ar, 4S², 3d¹⁰
c) 36Kr, 5S², 4d¹
d) 36Kr, 5S², 4d¹

32-How many vertical columns are there in the Main transition elements?

a) 6 columns
b) 8 columns
c) 10 columns
d) 12 columns

33-Which series is located in the 5th period and starts with yttrium and ends with cadmium?

a) First transition series
b) Second transition series
c) Third transition series
d) Fourth transition series

34-What is the common characteristic of Inner transition elements?

a) Completely filled (s) sublevels
b) Completely filled (d) or (f) sublevels
c) Partially filled (p) sublevels
d) Partially filled (s) sublevels

35-What differentiates the Main transition elements from Inner transition elements?

a) Their position on the periodic table
b) Their electron configuration
c) Their oxidation states
d) Their physical state at room temperature

36-Which transition series is located in the 7th period?

a) First transition series
b) Second transition series
c) Third transition series
d) Fourth transition series

37-What are the two types of blocks that sandwich the Main transition elements on the periodic table?

a) S-block and P-block
b) D-block and F-block
c) P-block and F-block
d) S-block and D-block

38-What is the electron configuration of the element with atomic number 21 (Scandium)?

a) 18Ar, 4S², 3d¹
b) 18Ar, 4S², 3d¹⁰
c) 2He, 2S², 1s²
d) 2He, 2S², 2p⁶, 3S², 3p⁶, 4S², 3d¹

39-Which series has the element Yttrium (39Y)?

a) First transition series
b) Second transition series
c) Third transition series
d) Fourth transition series

40-What is the total number of known elements in the Main transition elements?

a) Less than 30
b) Around 45
c) More than 60
d) Exactly 50

41-Which block of the periodic table is located between the s-block and p-block?

a) S-block
b) P-block
c) D-block
d) F-block

42-What distinguishes Group 8 (VIII) from other groups (B) in the Main transition elements?

a) Elements in Group 8 have a different number of neutrons.
b) Elements in Group 8 have completely filled (d) sublevels.
c) Elements in Group 8 have a unique color.
d) Elements in Group 8 have completely filled (p) sublevels.

43-Which series is located in the 6th period and starts with Lanthanum and ends with Mercury?

a) First transition series
b) Second transition series
c) Third transition series
d) Fourth transition series

44-What is the primary characteristic that defines transition metals?

a) They are metals with high melting points.
b) They are metals that form colored compounds.
c) They are metals that exhibit variable oxidation states.
d) They are metals that are in a gaseous state at room temperature.

45-In which period is the Third transition series located?

a) 4th period
b) 5th period
c) 6th period
d) 7th period

46-What is the common electron configuration pattern for the filling of the 4d sublevel in the Second transition series?

a) 18Ar, 4S², 3d¹
b) 18Ar, 4S², 3d¹₀
c) 36Kr, 5S², 4d¹
d) 36Kr, 5S², 4d¹₀

47-What is the electron configuration of the element with atomic number 29 (Copper)?

a) 18Ar, 4S², 3d⁹
b) 18Ar, 4S¹, 3d^10.
c) 2He, 2S², 1s²
d) 2He, 2S², 2p⁶, 3S², 3p⁶, 4S², 3d⁹

48-Which series includes elements starting with Yttrium and ending with Cadmium?

a) First transition series
b) Second transition series
c) Third transition series
d) Fourth transition series

49-What is the electron configuration of Mercury (80Hg)?

a) [54Xe] 6s², 5d¹⁰
b) [54Xe] 6s², 5d¹
c) [54Xe] 6s¹, 5d¹
d) [54Xe] 6s², 4d¹⁰

50-What is the main characteristic that defines transition elements?

a) Completely filled (s) sublevels
b) Completely filled (p) sublevels
c) Partially filled (d) or (f) sublevels
d) Partially filled (s) sublevels

The answers of all questions

Here are the answers to the quiz questions:

1-b) S-block, D-block, P-block, F-block

2-b) Elements with completely filled (d) or (f) sublevels

3-a) Outer transition elements, Inner transition elements

4-c) 10 groups

5-b) Elements in Group 8 are similar horizontally.

6-d) Middle block

7-c) 4

8-a) First transition series

9-c) Third Transition series

10-c) 6th period, Third transition series

11-b) Oxygen

12-b) 2B (12)

13-b) 10 elements, Zinc (30Zn)

14-d) 7th period

15-a) 36Kr, 5S², 4d¹₀

16-b) Second transition series

17-b) Inner and Outer transition elements

18-b) Elements in Group 8 are similar horizontally.

19-c) They are metals that exhibit variable oxidation states.

20-c) D-block

21-b) [54Xe] 6s², 5d¹

22-b) 10 elements

23-) Second transition series

24-a) Oxygen and Silicon

25-b) 10 elements

26-b) IIB (12)

27-a) Mercury (80Hg)

28-d) F-block

29-b) Its elements are similar horizontally.

30-c) Partially filled (d) or (f) sublevels

31-b) 18Ar, 4S², 3d¹⁰

32-b) 8 columns

33-b) Second transition series

34-b) Completely filled (d) or (f) sublevels

35-a) Their position on the periodic table

36-d) Fourth transition series

37-b) D-block and F-block

38-a) 18Ar, 4S², 3d¹

39-b) Second transition series

40-c) More than 60

41-c) D-block

42-b) Elements in Group 8 have completely filled (d) sublevels.

43-c) Third transition series

44-c) They are metals that exhibit variable oxidation states.

45-d) 7th period

46-c) 36Kr, 5S², 4d¹

47-a) 18Ar, 4S², 3d⁹

48-b) Second transition series

49-a) [54Xe] 6s², 5d¹⁰

50-c) Partially filled (d) or (f) sublevels

Quiz 2

1-In the context of transition elements, what is the significance of the term “variable oxidation states”?

a) The ability of elements to exhibit different positive oxidation states.
b) The ability of elements to exhibit different negative oxidation states.
c) The variability of electron configurations within a transition series.
d) The variability of atomic radii within a period.

2-Explain why the electron configuration of chromium (24Cr) is [Ar] 4s¹ 3d⁵, and not [Ar] 4s² 3d⁴ as might be expected based on the Aufbau principle.

a) Chromium violates the Aufbau principle due to its anomalous behavior.
b) It follows Hund’s rule to minimize electron repulsion.
c) The 3d sublevel has a lower energy than the 4s sublevel.
d) Chromium is an exception to the electron filling pattern in transition elements.

3-Describe the role of d-orbitals in the chemistry of transition elements, particularly in the formation of complex ions.

a) D-orbitals are not involved in the chemistry of transition elements.
b) D-orbitals participate in the formation of complex ions by accepting electrons.
c) D-orbitals participate in the formation of complex ions by donating electrons.
d) D-orbitals play a role in shielding electrons from the nucleus.

4-How does the concept of magnetic behavior relate to transition metals?

a) Transition metals are always diamagnetic.
b) Transition metals exhibit paramagnetism due to the presence of unpaired electrons.
c) Magnetic behavior is not observed in transition elements.
d) Transition metals exhibit ferromagnetism at high temperatures.

5-What is the role of transition metals as catalysts in chemical reactions?

a) Transition metals act as catalysts by increasing the activation energy of reactions.
b) They provide a surface for reactions to occur but do not participate in the reaction.
c) Transition metals lower the activation energy of reactions and participate in the reaction mechanism.
d) Transition metals are not involved in catalysis.

Give reasons quiz about this lesson?

Here’s a quiz with questions that require reasoning about transition elements:

1-Why are transition elements defined as elements with (d) or (f) sublevels that are not completely filled with electrons in either their atomic state or one of their oxidation states?

a) Due to their high reactivity
b) To explain their magnetic properties
c) To account for their variable oxidation states.
d) Because of their location on the periodic table

2-Explain the significance of the term “variable oxidation states” in the context of transition elements.

a) It indicates the ability of transition elements to form colored compounds.
b) It reflects the variability in the number of electrons in the outermost shell.
c) It describes the various positive oxidation states that transition elements can exhibit..
d) It signifies the presence of unpaired electrons in the electron configuration.

3-Why does the electron configuration of chromium (24Cr) deviate from the expected pattern based on the Aufbau principle?

a) To minimize electron repulsion
b) Due to the presence of f-orbitals
c) Because chromium is a noble gas
d) To maximize atomic size

4-Provide a reason for the magnetic behavior exhibited by transition metals.

a) Due to the presence of noble gases in their electron configuration.
b) Because they always have completely filled electron shells.
c) The presence of unpaired electrons in their d-orbitals leads to paramagnetism..
d) Magnetic behavior is not observed in transition elements.

5-Provide a reason for the use of transition metals as catalysts in chemical reactions.

a) Transition metals increase the activation energy of reactions.
b) They act as reactants in chemical reactions.
c) Transition metals lower the activation energy of reactions and participate in the reaction mechanism.
d) They have no effect on reaction rates.

6-Why are Main transition elements referred to as such, and what differentiates them from Inner transition elements?

a) Main transition elements are those with the highest melting points.
b) Main transition elements have partially filled (d) sublevels, while Inner transition elements have completely filled (f) sublevels.
c) Inner transition elements are more reactive than Main transition elements.
d) Main transition elements are located in the s-block of the periodic table.

the answers

1-Answer: c) To account for their variable oxidation states.

Reasoning: Transition elements are known for exhibiting different oxidation states, and the inclusion of the (d) or (f) sublevels that are not completely filled allows for this variability.

2-Answer: c) It describes the various positive oxidation states that transition elements can exhibit.

Reasoning: Variable oxidation states refer to the ability of transition elements to exist in different positive oxidation states depending on the conditions of a reaction.

3-Answer: a) To minimize electron repulsion.

Reasoning: Chromium exhibits an anomalous electron configuration to minimize repulsion between electrons, following the principle of Hund’s rule.

4-Answer: c) The presence of unpaired electrons in their d-orbitals leads to paramagnetism.

Reasoning: Paramagnetism in transition metals is due to the presence of unpaired electrons in their d-orbitals.

5-Answer: c) Transition metals lower the activation energy of reactions and participate in the reaction mechanism.

Reasoning: Transition metals act as catalysts by lowering the activation energy of reactions, facilitating the reaction without being consumed in the process..

6-Answer: b) Main transition elements have partially filled (d) sublevels, while Inner transition elements have completely filled (f) sublevels.

Reasoning: Main transition elements have partially filled (d) sublevels, distinguishing them from the Inner transition elements, which have completely filled (f) sublevels.