All Networking linux commands
Comprehensive Guide to Linux Networking Commands and Remote Access
Learn Essential Tools for Efficient Network Management”
Networking in Linux involves a variety of commands for configuring network interfaces, troubleshooting connectivity issues, and managing network services. Here is a list of some commonly used networking commands in Linux:
Linux Network Configuration:
ifconfig:
To Configure network interfaces.
ifconfig
ip:
Show/manipulate routing, devices, policy routing, and tunnels.
ip address ip route
iwconfig
To Configure wireless network interfaces.
iwconfig:
route:
Show/manipulate the IP routing table.
route -n
netstat:
Display network connections, routing tables, interface statistics, masquerade connections, and multicast memberships.
netstat -a
nmcli:
A command-line client for NetworkManager, which is a tool for configuring and managing network connections.
nmcli
DNS and Hostname Resolution:
nslookup:
Query Internet name servers interactively or non-interactively.
nslookup example.com
dig:
DNS lookup utility.
dig example.com
host:
DNS lookup utility.
host example.com
hostname:
Show or set the system’s host name.
hostname
Network Diagnostics:
ping:
Send ICMP ECHO_REQUEST to network hosts.
ping google.com
traceroute:
Print the route packets trace to network host.
traceroute google.com
mtr:
Combines the functionality of ping and traceroute.
mtr google.com
tcpdump:
Dump traffic on a network.
tcpdump -i eth0
Firewall Configuration:
iptables:
Administration tool for IPv4 packet filtering and NAT.
iptables -L
ufw:
Uncomplicated Firewall, a user-friendly interface for iptables.
ufw status
Miscellaneous:
ssh:
OpenSSH SSH client.
ssh user@hostname
scp:
Secure copy (remote file copy program).
scp file.txt user@hostname:/path/to/destination/
netcat (nc):
Read and write data across network connections.
nc -vz example.com 80
ssh:
OpenSSH SSH client.
ssh user@hostname
netcat (nc):
Read and write data across network connections.
nc -vz example.com 80
arp:
View and modify the ARP table.
arp -a
ss:
Show socket statistics.
ss -tunap
lsof:
List open files, including network connections.
lsof -i
hostnamectl:
Query and change the system hostname and related settings.
hostnamectl status
curl:
Command-line tool for making HTTP requests.
curl http://example.com
ethtool:
Display or change Ethernet card settings.
ethtool eth0
iw:
Configure wireless devices.
iw dev
DNS and Hostname Resolution:
resolv.conf:
Configuration file for DNS resolver library.
cat /etc/resolv.conf
Network Diagnostics:
nmap:
Network exploration tool and security scanner.
nmap -p 1-1000 localhost
Traffic Monitoring:
iftop:
Display bandwidth usage on an interface.
iftop
Firewall Configuration:
firewalld:
Dynamically manages the system’s firewall.
firewall-cmd --list-all
VPN:
openvpn:
Open-source software application that implements virtual private network (VPN) techniques.
openvpn client.ovpn
DHCP:
dhclient:
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol client.
dhclient eth0
Proxy:
proxychains: Redirect connections through proxy servers.
proxychains curl http://example.com
Wireless Networking:
iwlist:
Get more detailed wireless statistics.
iwlist wlan0 scanning
hostapd:
Host Access Point Daemon, for turning your computer into a WiFi access point.
hostapd /etc/hostapd/hostapd.conf
Network File Transfer:
rsync:
Remote file copy and synchronization.
rsync -avz /local/path user@remote:/remote/path
Network File Sharing:
samba:
File and printer sharing for Windows and Linux.
smbclient -L //server
wireshark:
Network protocol analyzer.
wireshark
sftp:
Secure File Transfer Protocol for interactive file transfers.
sftp username@hostname
Remote Desktop:
VNC (Virtual Network Computing):
vncserver:
Start a VNC server on the remote machine.
vncserver :1
vncviewer:
Connect to a VNC server.
vncviewer hostname:1
xeyes (example X11 application):
After connecting with X11 forwarding, you can run graphical applications.
xeyes
Here’s a quiz based on the information provided about Linux networking commands and remote access:
1. What command is used to display network interfaces and their configurations in Linux?
A. netstat
B. ifconfig
C. ipconfig
D. ip
2. Which command is used for DNS lookups in Linux?
A. dig
B. host
C. nslookup
D. All of the above
3. How do you connect to a remote server using SSH?
A. ssh connect username@hostname
B. connect ssh username@hostname
C. ssh username@hostname
D. ssh remote -u username -h hostname
4. What command is used to copy files securely between local and remote hosts in Linux?
A. rsync
B. scp
C. sftp
D. ftp
5. Which tool is used for real-time console bandwidth usage monitoring?
A. iftop
B. htop
C. nload
D. tcpdump
6. What does VNC stand for in the context of remote access?
A. Virtual Network Connection
B. Virtual Network Computing
C. Visual Network Connection
D. Visual Network Computing
7. How can you enable X11 forwarding when connecting via SSH?
A. ssh -X username@hostname
B. ssh -F username@hostname
C. ssh -Y username@hostname
D. ssh -Z username@hostname
8. Which command is used to start a VNC server on a remote machine?
A. vncstart
B. vncserver
C. startvnc
D. runvnc
9. What tool is used for mounting a remote filesystem locally using SSH?
A. sshfs
B. mntssh
C. mountssh
D. remotefs
10. How do you run a graphical application on a remote machine using X11 forwarding?
– A. run -X xeyes
– B. ssh -X username@hostname ‘xeyes’
– C. ssh -Y username@hostname ‘xeyes’
– D. startx xeyes
Answers:
1-B. ifconfig
2-D. All of the above
3-C. ssh username@hostname
4-B. scp
5-A. iftop
6-B. Virtual Network Computing
7-A. ssh -X username@hostname
8-B. vncserver
9-A. sshfs
10-C. ssh -Y username@hostname ‘xeyes’
11. What command is used to display the route taken by packets to reach a destination?
A. route
B. traceroute
C. nslookup
D. pathtrace
12. Which command is used to configure wireless network interfaces in Linux?
A. iwconfig
B. ifconfig
C. ipconfig
D. wlanconfig
13. What does the command nmcli in Linux stand for?
A. Network Manager Client Interface
B. Network Monitoring Command Line Interface
C. Network Configuration and Management Line Interface
D. None of the above
14. What is the purpose of the iptables command in Linux?
A. Configure wireless network interfaces
B. Manage IP routing tables
C. Administer IPv4 packet filtering and NAT
D. Monitor network traffic
15. Which command is used to display information about network sockets and connections?
A. netstat
B. ss
C. sockinfo
D. connectstat
16. What tool can you use for interactive file transfers securely in Linux?
A. scp
B. rsync
C. sftp
D. ftp
17. How can you check the status of the Uncomplicated Firewall (ufw) in Linux?
A. ufw status
B. firewall-cmd –list-all
C. iptables -L
D. netstat -a
18. Which command is used to show the system’s host name in Linux?
A. host
B. hostname
C. nslookup
D. ifconfig
19. What does the command nmap do in Linux?
A. Display bandwidth usage
B. Network monitoring
C. Network exploration and security scanning
D. Remote desktop sharing
20. How do you connect to a remote machine using SSH and execute a command without opening an interactive session?
A. ssh username@hostname ‘command’
B. ssh -c username@hostname
C. ssh -e command username@hostname
D. ssh execute -u username -h hostname
Answers:
11. B. traceroute
12-A. iwconfig
13-A. Network Manager Client Interface
14-C. Administer IPv4 packet filtering and NAT
15-B. ss
16-C. sftp
17-A. ufw status
18-B. hostname
19-C. Network exploration and security scanning
20-A. ssh username@hostname ‘command’
21. Which command is used to display information about active connections and their corresponding processes?
A. netstat
B. ss
C. top
D. ps
22. What is the purpose of the curl command in Linux?
A. Copy files securely between local and remote hosts
B. Make HTTP requests and show the results
C. Configure wireless network interfaces
D. Display route information
23. What is the role of the nload command in Linux?
A. Monitor network traffic
B. Display system resource usage
C. Show route information
D. Perform DNS lookups
24. Which command is used for real-time console bandwidth usage monitoring?
A. iftop
B. htop
C. top
D. atop
25. How can you check the status of a remote machine’s firewall using ufw?
A. ufw check status
B. ufw show
C. ssh ufw status
D. ssh firewall-cmd –list-all
26. What does the dhclient command do in Linux?
A. Configure wireless network interfaces
B. Start a DHCP server
C. Perform DNS lookups
D. Obtain an IP address from a DHCP server
27. What is the purpose of the proxychains command in Linux?
A. Display route information
B. Redirect connections through proxy servers
C. Monitor network traffic
D. Start a VPN connection
28. How can you check the status of a NetworkManager connection using nmcli?
A. nmcli connection check
B. nmcli status
C. nmcli connection status
D. nmcli check connection
29. Which command is used to display information about active connections, routing tables, and interface statistics?
A. iftop
B. netstat
C. ss
D. tcpdump
30. What does the lsof command do in Linux?
A. List open files and network connections
B. Display system resource usage
C. Monitor network traffic
D. Configure wireless network interfaces
Answers:
21. B. ss
22-B. Make HTTP requests and show the results
23-A. Monitor network traffic
24-A. iftop
25-B. ufw show
26-D. Obtain an IP address from a DHCP server
27-B. Redirect connections through proxy servers
28-B. nmcli status
29-B. netstat
30-A. List open files and network connections
31. What does the command iftop do in Linux?
A. Display route information
B. Monitor network traffic
C. Configure wireless network interfaces
D. Perform DNS lookups
32. How can you list all open files, including network connections, using the lsof command?
A. lsof -i
B. lsof -a
C. lsof -o
D. lsof -f
33. What is the purpose of the tcpdump command in Linux?
A. Monitor network traffic
B. Display system resource usage
C. Configure wireless network interfaces
D. Redirect connections through proxy servers
34. How can you view and modify the ARP table using the arp command?
A. arp -l
B. arp -a
C. arp -r
D. arp -t
35. What command is used to check the status of the Uncomplicated Firewall (ufw) in Linux?
A. ufw status
B. firewall-cmd –list-all
C. iptables -L
D. netstat -a
36. How do you enable X11 forwarding when connecting via SSH and want to run a graphical application on the remote machine?
A. ssh -Y username@hostname
B. ssh -X username@hostname
C. ssh -G username@hostname
D. ssh -Z username@hostname
37. Which command is used to display socket statistics in Linux?
A. sockstat
B. ss
C. sockets
D. socketstat
38. What command can you use to connect to a remote machine and execute a command without opening an interactive session with SSH?
A. ssh -c username@hostname
B. ssh execute -u username -h hostname
C. ssh -e command username@hostname
D. ssh username@hostname ‘command’
39. How do you mount a remote filesystem locally using SSH with sshfs?
A. sshfs username@hostname:/remote/path /local/mount/point
B. mountssh username@hostname:/remote/path /local/mount/point
C. mntssh username@hostname:/remote/path /local/mount/point
D. remotefs username@hostname:/remote/path /local/mount/point
40. What does the command nmap do in Linux?
A. Display bandwidth usage
B. Network monitoring
C. Network exploration and security scanning
D. Remote desktop sharing
Answers:
31. B. Monitor network traffic
32-A. lsof -i
33-A. Monitor network traffic
34-B. arp -a
35-A. ufw status
36-B. ssh -X username@hostname
37-B. ss
38-A. ssh -c username@hostname
39-A.
40-C. Network exploration and security scanning