PHP Basic Arithmetic and Math Functions

Mastering Basic Arithmetic Operations in PHP: A Comprehensive Guide

Introduction:
Explore the fundamental arithmetic operations in PHP with this comprehensive lesson. Learn how to perform addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, and more. Boost your PHP skills and gain a solid understanding of mathematical functions for web development.

In PHP, there are several built-in functions that you can use for basic arithmetic operations. Here are some of the commonly used ones:

PHP Addition (+):

$sum = 2 + 3; // $sum will be 5

PHP Subtraction (-):

$difference = 5 – 2; // $difference will be 3

PHP Multiplication (*):

$product = 4 * 6; // $product will be 24

PHP Division (/):

$quotient = 8 / 2; // $quotient will be 4

PHP Modulus (%):

$remainder = 7 % 3; // $remainder will be 1

PHP Exponentiation ( or pow()):**

$power = 2 ** 3; // $power will be 8
// Alternatively:
$power_alternative = pow(2, 3); // $power_alternative will also be 8

These are basic arithmetic operations. Additionally, PHP provides functions for more advanced mathematical operations in the math extension, such as sqrt() for square root, abs() for absolute value, and more.

Here’s a simple example using some of these functions:

$a = 10;
$b = 3;

$sum = $a + $b;
$difference = $a - $b;
$product = $a * $b;
$quotient = $a / $b;
$remainder = $a % $b;
$power = $a ** $b;

echo "Sum: $sum<br>";
echo "Difference: $difference<br>";
echo "Product: $product<br>";
echo "Quotient: $quotient<br>";
echo "Remainder: $remainder<br>";
echo "Power: $power<br>";

This will output:

Sum: 13
Difference: 7
Product: 30
Quotient: 3.3333333333333
Remainder: 1
Power: 1000

Basic Arithmetic functions

PHP provides various built-in functions for basic arithmetic operations. Here are some of the commonly used ones:

Absolute Value (abs):

$number = -5;
$absoluteValue = abs($number); // $absoluteValue will be 5

Square Root (sqrt):

$number = 9;
$squareRoot = sqrt($number); // $squareRoot will be 3

Round (round):

$floatNumber = 3.14159;
$roundedNumber = round($floatNumber); // $roundedNumber will be 3

Ceiling (ceil):

$floatNumber = 4.2;
$ceiledNumber = ceil($floatNumber); // $ceiledNumber will be 5

Floor (floor):

$floatNumber = 4.9;
$flooredNumber = floor($floatNumber); // $flooredNumber will be 4

Minimum (min):

$minValue = min(5, 8, 3); // $minValue will be 3

Maximum (max):

$maxValue = max(5, 8, 3); // $maxValue will be 8

Random Number (rand):

$randomNumber = rand(1, 10); // Generates a random number between 1 and 10
These functions can be used to perform basic arithmetic operations and manipulate numeric values in PHP. Keep in mind that some functions may take multiple parameters or have additional optional parameters, so it’s always a good idea to check the official PHP documentation for more details.

complete example about each type in html page with explanation

Below is an HTML page with examples for each type of basic arithmetic operation using PHP. Each example is accompanied by an explanation:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>PHP Arithmetic Examples</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>PHP Arithmetic Examples</h1>

<?php
// Addition
$sum = 2 + 3;
echo "<p>Addition: 2 + 3 = $sum</p>";

// Subtraction
$difference = 5 - 2;
echo "<p>Subtraction: 5 - 2 = $difference</p>";

// Multiplication
$product = 4 * 6;
echo "<p>Multiplication: 4 * 6 = $product</p>";

// Division
$quotient = 8 / 2;
echo "<p>Division: 8 / 2 = $quotient</p>";

// Modulus
$remainder = 7 % 3;
echo "<p>Modulus: 7 % 3 = $remainder</p>";

// Exponentiation
$power = 2 ** 3;
echo "<p>Exponentiation: 2 ** 3 = $power</p>";

// Absolute Value
$number = -5;
$absoluteValue = abs($number);
echo "<p>Absolute Value of -5: $absoluteValue</p>";

// Square Root
$number = 9;
$squareRoot = sqrt($number);
echo "<p>Square Root of 9: $squareRoot</p>";

// Round
$floatNumber = 3.14159;
$roundedNumber = round($floatNumber);
echo "<p>Rounded Number: $roundedNumber</p>";

// Ceiling
$floatNumber = 4.2;
$ceiledNumber = ceil($floatNumber);
echo "<p>Ceiled Number: $ceiledNumber</p>";

// Floor
$floatNumber = 4.9;
$flooredNumber = floor($floatNumber);
echo "<p>Floored Number: $flooredNumber</p>";

// Minimum
$minValue = min(5, 8, 3);
echo "<p>Minimum Value: $minValue</p>";

// Maximum
$maxValue = max(5, 8, 3);
echo "<p>Maximum Value: $maxValue</p>";

// Random Number
$randomNumber = rand(1, 10);
echo "<p>Random Number between 1 and 10: $randomNumber</p>";
?>
</body>
</html>

Explanation:

This HTML page includes PHP code within the <body> tags.
Each example calculates a specific arithmetic operation and prints the result.
Examples include addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, modulus, exponentiation, absolute value, square root, rounding, ceiling, floor, minimum, maximum, and generating a random number.
The results are displayed within <p> tags for better readability.

An application to perform various arithmetic calculations

Let’s create a simple PHP application that incorporates the basic arithmetic operations.
This application will take user input for two numbers and perform various arithmetic calculations.
We’ll use an HTML form to take user input, and PHP to process the input and display the results.

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>PHP Arithmetic Calculator</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>PHP Arithmetic Calculator</h1>

<form method="post" action="<?php echo $_SERVER['PHP_SELF']; ?>">
<label for="num1">Enter the first number:</label>
<input type="number" name="num1" required>

<label for="num2">Enter the second number:</label>
<input type="number" name="num2" required>

<button type="submit">Calculate</button>
</form>

<?php
// Check if the form is submitted
if ($_SERVER["REQUEST_METHOD"] == "POST") {
// Retrieve user input
$num1 = $_POST["num1"];
$num2 = $_POST["num2"];

// Perform arithmetic operations
$sum = $num1 + $num2;
$difference = $num1 - $num2;
$product = $num1 * $num2;
$quotient = ($num2 != 0) ? $num1 / $num2 : "Cannot divide by zero";
$remainder = ($num2 != 0) ? $num1 % $num2 : "Cannot divide by zero";

// Display the results
echo "<h2>Results:</h2>";
echo "<p>$num1 + $num2 = $sum</p>";
echo "<p>$num1 - $num2 = $difference</p>";
echo "<p>$num1 * $num2 = $product</p>";
echo "<p>$num1 / $num2 = $quotient</p>";
echo "<p>$num1 % $num2 = $remainder</p>";
}
?>
</body>
</html>

Explanation:

This application includes an HTML form with two input fields for the user to enter two numbers.
When the form is submitted, the PHP code checks if it’s a POST request and retrieves the user input using the $_POST superglobal.
It performs basic arithmetic operations (addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, and modulus) on the provided numbers.
The results are then displayed below the form.
Error handling is included to prevent division by zero.
The action attribute of the form is set to <?php echo $_SERVER[‘PHP_SELF’]; ?>, which means the form will be submitted to the same script ($_SERVER[‘PHP_SELF’] represents the current script).

PHP application to perform arithmetic operations

Quiz about the basic arithmetic operations in PHP

Here’s a set of 15 quiz questions related to the basic arithmetic operations in PHP. Each question is followed by multiple-choice answers. Feel free to use or modify this quiz for your needs.

Quiz: Basic Arithmetic Operations in PHP

1-What is the result of the following PHP expression: $a = 7 + 3;?

a) 10
b) 73
c) 21
d) 4

2-Which PHP function is used to calculate the square root of a number?

a) sqrt()
b) squareRoot()
c) root()
d) power()

3-If you have a float number $floatNumber = 8.75;, which PHP function can be used to round it to the nearest integer?

a) round()
b) ceil()
c) floor()
d) abs()

4-What is the result of the PHP expression $result = 5 % 2;?

a) 2
b) 2.5
c) 1
d) 0

5-Which PHP function returns the absolute value of a number?

a) abs()
b) absolute()
c) positive()
d) value()

6-What does the PHP function max(4, 8, 2) return?

a) 8
b) 4
c) 2
d) 14

7-If you have a random number generation in PHP using rand(1, 100), what is the range of possible values?

a) 1 to 10
b) 1 to 100
c) 0 to 100
d) 10 to 1000

8-Which PHP function is used to calculate the power of a number (exponentiation)?

a) power()
b) exp()
c) pow()
d) ^

9-If you want to find the smallest value among a set of numbers, which PHP function should you use?

a) minimum()
b) min()
c) smallest()
d) smaller()

10-What is the result of the PHP expression $result = 6 / 0;?

a) 0
b) 6
c) Error (division by zero)
d) 1

11-Which PHP function returns the largest value among a set of numbers?

a) max()
b) maximum()
c) largest()
d) biggest()

12-If you have a float number $floatNumber = 5.8;, which PHP function can be used to round it down to the nearest integer?